Umthombo: I-Ulink Media
Esikhathini se-post-ubhubhane, sikholwa ukuthi izinzwa ezingekho emthethweni zibaluleke kakhulu nsuku zonke. Esezinhlelweni zokuhamba, kudingeka sihambe ngokulinganisa kokushisa kaninginingi ngaphambi kokuthi sifinyelele lapho siya khona. Njengendlela yokushisa enenombolo enkulu yezinzwa ezingezinhlabelelo, eqinisweni, kunezindima eziningi ezibalulekile. Okulandelayo, ake sibheke kahle inzwa ye-infrared.
Isingeniso Sezinzwa Ezingezinkinga
Noma yini engenhla kwe-ZERO EBONAKALAYO (-273 ° C) ihlala ikhipha amandla ashubile esikhaleni esiseduze, ukuze ukhulume. Futhi inzwa ene-infrared, iyakwazi ukuzwa amandla we-infrared yento futhi ayiguqule ibe yizakhi zikagesi. Inzwa ye-infrared iqukethe uhlelo lwe-optical, ukuthola umjikelezo wento kanye nokuguqulwa.
Uhlelo lwe-Optical lungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lohlobo lokudlulisela kanye nokuboniswa kohlobo ngokuya ngesakhiwo esihlukile. Ukuhanjiswa kudinga izakhi ezimbili, okukodwa okudluliselwa kwe-infrared futhi eyodwa ethola infrared. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isibonisi sidinga inzwa eyodwa kuphela yokuqoqa imininingwane oyifunayo.
Into yokutholwa ingahlukaniswa ngezinto zokuthola indawo yokutholwa kwe-thermal kanye ne-photoelectric retecting element ngokuya ngomgomo osebenzayo. Abe-Thermitors yiyona esetshenziselwa kakhulu izindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Lapho i-thermistor ifakwa emisebeni ye-infrared, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, futhi izinguquko zokumelana (lolu shintsho lungaba lukhulu noma lube mncane, ngoba i-thermistor ingaguqulwa ibe yi-thermistor yokushisa efanelekile), engaguqulwa ibe yi-Kinal Kinal Offect ngokusebenzisa umjikelezo wokuguqula. Izinto zokutholwa kwe-PhotoElectric zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto ezithinta izithombe, ezivame ukwenziwa nge-sulfide ye-Holy, e-Holy Selenide, i-antimony arsenide, izinto ze-mercury kanye ne-salicon
Ngokusho kwemijikelezo ehlukene yesiginali yokusebenza kanye nokuguqulwa, izinzwa ezingezinhlabezelwa zingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-analog nolwedijithali. Umjikelezo wokucubungula wesiginali we-analog pyroelectric in sen sensor yi-tube ye-field-effect, kuyilapho umjikelezo wokucubungula wesiginali we-digital Pyroelectric in sensor inzwa edijithali chip.
Imisebenzi eminingi yenzwa ye-infrared itholakala ngokuvumela okuhlukile kanye nezinhlanganisela zezakhi ezintathu ezibucayi: uhlelo lokutholwa, into yokutholwa kanye nokuguqulwa kwezezimali. Ake sibheke ezinye izindawo lapho izinzwa ze-infrared zenze umehluko.
Ukusetshenziswa sensor infrared
1. Ukutholwa kwegesi
Umgomo we-Optical we-Infrared we-Optical Sensor uhlobo olususelwa ezifweni ezikhethiwe ezikhethiwe ze-infrared ze-molecule ehlukene yegesi, ukusetshenziswa kobudlelwano begesi kanye nokwenziwa kwamandla wegesi (i-Lambert - uBill Lambert Beer Law) ukuthola nokunquma ukugcwaliseka kwensiza yokuzwa igesi yegesi.
Izinzwa ezingezinhlabezi zingasetshenziswa ukuthola imephu yokuhlaziya infrared njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwisibalo esingenhla. Ama-molecule akhiwa ama-athomu ahlukene azofakwa ngaphansi kokufakwa kwesibani se-infrared ngesikhathi sokuvama okufanayo, okuholela ekushintsheni kokuqina kokukhanya kwe-infrared. Ngokusho kweziqongo ezihlukene zama-wave, izinhlobo zegesi eziqukethwe kungxube zinganqunywa.
Ngokwesikhundla se-peak eyodwa yokumuncwa kwe-infrared infrared, yimaphi amaqembu akhona ku-molecule yegesi anganqunywa. Ukunquma ngokunembile uhlobo lwegesi, kudingeka sibheke izikhundla zazo zonke iziqongo zokutholwa esifundeni esiphakathi kwegesi, okungukuthi, umunwe wokutholwa kwegesi. Nge-infrared spectrum, okuqukethwe yigesi ngayinye kule ngxube kungahlaziywa ngokushesha.
Izinzwa zegesi ezingenampilo zisetshenziswa kabanzi e-petrochemical, embonini yensimbi, ukufakwa kwezimayini ezisebenzayo, ukungcoliswa komoya kokuqapha okuhlobene nokutholwa kwekhabhoni, ukuzola izimboni kanye nezinye izimboni. Njengamanje, ama-lasers aphakathi nendawo abiza kakhulu. Ngikholwa ukuthi ngokuzayo, ngenani elikhulu lezimboni ezisebenzisa izinzwa ezingezinhle ukuthola igesi, izinzwa zegesi ezingenamkhawulo zizoba zihle kakhulu futhi zishibhile.
2. Isilinganiso sebanga elibi
Inzwa esukela nge-infrared ranging uhlobo lokuzwa idivaysi yokuzwa, ukusebenzisa i-infrared njengohlelo lokulinganisa, ibanga elibanzi lokulinganisa, isikhathi esisetshenziswa kakhulu kwisayensi yanamuhla kanye nobuchwepheshe, izinkambu zezwe nezolimo.
Inzwa ye-infrared esukela esignali edluliselwe nge-infrared transmit kanye nokuthola izinzwa ezihlangene, ezisebenzisa inzwa evuthayo ye-infrared ukuze ikhiphe i-infraded flow, ecabanga nge-sensor ngemuva kokuthola ukuhambisa nokwamukela idatha umehluko wesikhathi. Ibanga lento libalwa ngemuva kokucutshungulwa yiprosesa lesiginali. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ezindaweni zemvelo, kodwa futhi kumaphaneli akhanyayo. Ukulinganisa ibanga, impendulo yemvamisa ephezulu, efanelekile ezindaweni ezinokhambo kwezimboni.
3. Ukudluliselwa kwe-infrared
Ukudluliswa kwedatha kusetshenziswa izinzwa ezingezinhlabezi zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Ukulawulwa okukude kwe-TV kusebenzisa amasiginali wokudlulisela we-infrared wokulawula ukude; Izingcingo eziphathwayo zingadlulisela idatha ngokudluliswa kwe-infrared. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezazivele zikhona kusukela kusungulwa ubuchwepheshe obungenamkhawulo.
4. I-infrared thermal isithombe
I-Thermal Image inzwa ye-passive engabamba imisebe ye-infrared ekhishwe yizo zonke izinto zokushisa eziphakeme kune-zero ngokuphelele. Umqondo we-thermal ekuqaleni wathuthukiswa njengethuluzi lokubheka impi nebusuku, kodwa njengoba esetshenziswa kabanzi, intengo yawa, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa kakhulu insimu yesicelo. Izicelo ze-Thermal imagen zifaka isilwane, ezolimo, zokwakha, ukutholwa kwegesi, izinhlelo zezimboni nezempi, kanye nokutholwa komuntu, ukulandela umkhondo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isithombe se-infrared thermal sisetshenziswe ezindaweni eziningi zomphakathi ukukala ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lemikhiqizo.
5. Ukungeniswa kwe-infrared
Ukushintshwa kwe-infrared Ukungena ku-othomathikhi yokulawula okususelwa kubuchwepheshe bokungeniswa kwe-infrared. Iqaphela ukusebenza kwayo okuzenzakalelayo ngokuzwakalayo ngokuzwa ukushisa okungekho emthethweni okukhishwe emhlabeni wangaphandle. Ingavula amalambu ngokushesha, iminyango ezenzakalelayo, ama-alamu alwa nama-anti-notft neminye imishini kagesi.
Ngelensi ye-fresnel yenzwa ye-infrared, ukukhanya okuhlakazekile okukhishwe ngumzimba womuntu kungazwakala ngokushintshana, ukuze kutholakale imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo njengokuvula ukukhanya. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthandwa kwekhaya elihlakaniphile, ukuzwela okungekho emthethweni nakho kusetshenziswe kumathini e-smart kadoti, amathoyilethi ahlakaniphile, ukushintshwa kweminyango ye-smart, iminyango yokungena, iminyango yokungena. Ukuzwakala kwe-infrared akuyona nje mayelana nokuzwa abantu, kepha kuvuselelwa njalo ukuthola eminye imisebenzi.
Ukugcina
Eminyakeni yamuva, i-Intanethi Yezinto Imboni iye yathuthuka ngokushesha futhi inethemba elikhulu lemakethe. Kulesi simo, imakethe yezinzwa enfrared nayo ibilokhu ukukhula okwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, isikali semakethe yemakethe ye-infrarecrement detector endergement iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokwemininingwane, ngonyaka ka-2019, usayizi wemakethe wemakethe we-infrared infrared ecishe abe yizigidi ezingama-400 yuan, ngo-2020 noma cishe ama-yuya ayizigidi ezingama-500. Kuhlanganiswe nesidingo sokulinganisa kokushisa okungenampilo kobhubhane kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni yokutholwa kwegesi okungenamkhawulo, usayizi wemakethe wezinzwa ezingezinhlanzi uzoba nzima ngokuzayo.
Isikhathi Seposi: Meyi-16-2022