Umhleli: I-Ulink Media
Engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021, inkampani entsha yasemkhathini yaseBrithani i-SpaceLacuna yaqala ukusebenzisa itheleskopu yomsakazo eDwingeloo, eNetherlands, ukuze ibonise i-LoRa isuka enyangeni. Lokhu kwakuyisilingo esimangalisayo ngempela maqondana nekhwalithi yokuthwebula idatha, njengoba omunye wemiyalezo wawuqukethe nohlaka oluphelele lwe-LoRaWAN®.
I-Lacuna Speed isebenzisa isethi yamasathelayithi azungeza uMhlaba ophansi ukuze ithole ulwazi oluvela ezinzwa ezihlanganiswe nemishini ye-LoRa kaSemtech kanye nobuchwepheshe bemvamisa yomsakazo obusekelwe emhlabathini. Isathelayithi sihamba phezu kwezinsika zomhlaba njalo ngemizuzu eyi-100 endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha angama-500. Njengoba umhlaba ujikeleza, amasathelayithi amboza umhlaba wonke. I-LoRaWAN isetshenziswa amasathelayithi, okusindisa impilo yebhethri, futhi imiyalezo igcinwa isikhathi esifushane ize idlule kunethiwekhi yeziteshi zomhlaba. Idatha ibe isidluliselwa kuhlelo lokusebenza kunethiwekhi yomhlaba noma ingabukwa kuhlelo lokusebenza olusekelwe kuwebhu.
Kulokhu, isignali ye-LoRa ethunyelwe yi-lacuna Speed yahlala imizuzwana engu-2.44 futhi yamukelwa yi-chip efanayo, enebanga lokusabalala elingamakhilomitha angaba ngu-730,360, okungaba yibanga elide kakhulu lokudluliselwa komlayezo we-LoRa kuze kube manje.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuxhumana kwesathelayithi nomhlaba okusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-LoRa, kwafezwa ingqophamlando engqungqutheleni ye-TTN (TheThings Network) ngoFebhuwari 2018, okufakazela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-LoRa isetshenziswe ku-inthanethi yezinto zesathelayithi. Ngesikhathi sokuboniswa bukhoma, umamukeli wathola izimpawu ze-LoRa kusuka ku-satellite ejikelezayo ephansi.
Namuhla, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-IoT obukhona obusebenzisa amandla aphansi ebanga elide njenge-LoRa noma i-NB-IoT ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwamadivayisi e-IoT namasathelayithi azungeza umhlaba wonke kungabhekwa njengengxenye yemakethe ye-WAN enamandla aphansi. Lobu buchwepheshe buyisicelo esithakazelisayo kuze kube yilapho inani labo lezentengiselwano lamukelwa kabanzi.
I-Semtech iqalise i-LR-FHSS ukugcwalisa igebe lemakethe ekuxhumekeni kwe-IoT
USemtech ubelokhu esebenza ku-LR-FHSS eminyakeni embalwa edlule futhi wamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukwengezwa kokusekelwa kwe-LR-FHSS epulatifomu ye-LoRa ngasekupheleni kuka-2021.
I-LR-FHSS ibizwa ngokuthi i-LongRange – Frequency Hopping SpreadSpectrum. Njenge-LoRa, iwubuchwepheshe bokushintshanisa ungqimba olubonakalayo olunokusebenza okufanayo ne-LoRa, njengokuzwela, ukwesekwa kwe-bandwidth, njll.
I-LR-FHSS iyakwazi ngokwemfundiso ukusekela izigidi zama-end node, okwandisa kakhulu umthamo wenethiwekhi futhi ixazulule inkinga yokuminyana kweziteshi eyayikhawulela ukukhula kwe-LoRaWAN ngaphambilini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-LR-FHSS inamandla aphezulu okulwa nokuphazamiseka, inciphisa ukungqubuzana kwamaphakethe ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectral, futhi inekhono lokuguqula imvamisa ye-uplink.
Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-LR-FHSS, i-LoRa ifaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezinama-terminal aminyene namaphakethe amakhulu edatha. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwesathelayithi lwe-LoRa olunezici ze-LR-FHSS ezihlanganisiwe lunezinzuzo eziningi:
1. Ingafinyelela amandla e-terminal aphindwe kayishumi kunenethiwekhi ye-LoRa.
2. Ibanga lokudlulisela lide kakhulu, lifinyelela ku-600-1600km;
3. Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okunamandla;
4. Kuye kwatholakala izindleko eziphansi, okuhlanganisa nezindleko zokuphatha nezokuthunyelwa (akukho hardware eyengeziwe edingekayo ukuthuthukisa kanye namakhono ayo okuxhumana ngesathelayithi atholakalayo).
Ama-transceiver kaSemtech i-LoRaSX1261, ama-transceiver e-SX1262 kanye namapulatifomu e-LoRaEdgeTM, kanye nomklamo wereferensi yesango le-V2.1, asevele esekelwa yi-lr-fhss. Ngakho-ke, ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-terminal ye-LoRa kanye nesango kungathuthukisa kuqala amandla enethiwekhi kanye nekhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka. Kumanethiwekhi e-LoRaWAN lapho isango le-V2.1 selifakiwe khona, opharetha bangavumela umsebenzi omusha ngokuthuthukisa i-firmware yesango elilula.
I-LR Ehlanganisiwe - FHSS
I-LoRa Iyaqhubeka Nokwandisa Iphothifoliyo Yayo Yohlelo Lokusebenza
I-BergInsight, isikhungo sokucwaninga ngemakethe ye-Internet of Things, ikhiphe umbiko wocwaningo nge-satellite iot. Idatha ikhombisile ukuthi naphezu komthelela omubi we-COVID-19, inani labasebenzisi be-satellite iot emhlabeni wonke lisakhula laya ku-3.4 million ngo-2020. Abasebenzisi be-satellite iot emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi bakhule nge-cagR engu-35.8% eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, bafinyelele ku-15.7 million ngo-2025.
Njengamanje, yi-10% kuphela yezifunda zomhlaba ezikwazi ukufinyelela izinsizakalo zokuxhumana ngesathelayithi, okunikeza isikhala esikhulu semakethe sokuthuthukiswa kwesathelayithi kanye nethuba lesathelayithi enamandla aphansi i-sathelayithi i-sathelayithi.
I-LR-FHSS izophinde iqhube ukuthunyelwa kwe-LoRa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwengezwa koSEKELO lwe-LR-FHSS epulatifomu ye-LoRa ngeke nje kusize ekuhlinzekeni ngokuxhumana okungabizi kakhulu nokutholakala kuyo yonke indawo ezindaweni ezikude, kodwa futhi kuzophawula isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuthunyelwa kwe-iot enkulu ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Kuzoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwe-LoRa emhlabeni wonke futhi kwandise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha:
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Sekela izinsizakalo ze-Satellite Iot
I-LR-FHSS ivumela amasathelayithi ukuthi axhumane nezindawo ezikude kakhulu zomhlaba, isekela izidingo zokubeka kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha kwezindawo ezingenayo inethiwekhi. Amacala okusetshenziswa kwe-LoRa afaka phakathi ukulandelela izilwane zasendle, ukuthola izitsha emikhunjini olwandle, ukuthola imfuyo emadlelweni, izixazululo zezolimo ezihlakaniphile zokuthuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo, kanye nokulandelela izimpahla zokusabalalisa zomhlaba wonke ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
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Usekelo Lokushintshaniswa Kwedatha Okuvamile
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-LoRa zangaphambilini, njengokulandelela izinto kanye nempahla, izakhiwo namapaki ahlakaniphile, amakhaya ahlakaniphile, kanye nemiphakathi ehlakaniphile, inani lama-semaphore alungisiwe e-LoRa emoyeni lizokhula kakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu ezinde kanye nokushintshana kwezimpawu okuvamile kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Inkinga yokuminyana kweziteshi okubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-LoRaWAN ingaxazululwa ngokuthuthukisa ama-terminal e-LoRa nokushintsha amasango.
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Thuthukisa Ukumbozwa Kokujula Kwangaphakathi
Ngaphezu kokwandisa umthamo wenethiwekhi, i-LR-FHSS ivumela ama-node angaphakathi ajulile ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda efanayo yenethiwekhi, okwandisa ukuguquguquka kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu e-iot. I-LoRa, isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe obukhethwayo emakethe yomhlaba wonke yamamitha ahlakaniphile, futhi ukumbozwa okuthuthukisiwe kwangaphakathi kuzoqinisa isikhundla sayo.
Abadlali Abaningi Ku-inthanethi Yezinto Yesathelayithi Enamandla Aphansi
Amaphrojekthi Esathelayithi E-LoRa Aphesheya Kwezwe Ayaqhubeka Nokuvela
UMcKinsey ubikezele ukuthi i-iot esekelwe esikhaleni ingaba yi-$560 billion kuya ku-$850 billion ngo-2025, okungenzeka ukuthi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza izinkampani eziningi kangaka zifune imakethe. Njengamanje, cishe abakhiqizi abaningi baphakamise izinhlelo zokuxhumana nge-iot yesathelayithi.
Ngokombono wemakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, i-satellite iot iyindawo ebalulekile yokusungula izinto ezintsha emakethe ye-iot. I-LoRa, njengengxenye ye-inthanethi yezinto zesathelayithi enamandla aphansi, ibone izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle:
Ngo-2019, i-Space Lacuna ne-Miromico baqala izivivinyo zezentengiselwano zephrojekthi ye-LoRa Satellite iot, eyasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwezolimo, ukuqapha imvelo noma ukulandelela impahla ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngokusebenzisa i-LoRaWAN, amadivayisi e-iot asebenzisa ibhethri angandisa impilo yawo yesevisi futhi onge izindleko zokusebenza nokulungisa.
I-IRNAS ibambisene ne-Space Lacuna ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa okusha kobuchwepheshe be-LoRaWAN, okuhlanganisa ukulandelela izilwane zasendle e-Antarctica kanye nama-buoy asebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-LoRaWAN ukuze kufakwe amanethiwekhi aminyene ezinzwa endaweni yasemanzini ukusekela izinhlelo zokubopha kanye nokugibela isikebhe.
I-Swarm (etholwe yi-Space X) ihlanganise amadivayisi e-LoRa kaSemtech ezixazululweni zayo zokuxhuma ukuze ivumele ukuxhumana okubili phakathi kwamasathelayithi azungeza umhlaba ophansi. Ivule izimo ezintsha zokusetshenziswa kwe-Internet of Things (IoT) ze-Swarm ezindaweni ezifana nezokuthutha, ezolimo, izimoto ezixhunyiwe kanye namandla.
I-Inmarsat ibambisene ne-Actility ukwakha inethiwekhi ye-Inmarsat LoRaWAN, ipulatifomu esekelwe kunethiwekhi ye-Inmarsat ELERA backbone ezohlinzeka ngezixazululo eziningi kumakhasimende e-iot emikhakheni ehlanganisa ezolimo, ugesi, uwoyela negesi, izimayini kanye nezokuthutha.
Ekupheleni
Kuyo yonke imakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, azikho izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezivuthiwe zale phrojekthi kuphela. I-Omnispace, i-EchoStarMobile, i-Lunark nezinye eziningi zizama ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-LoRaWAN ukuze zinikeze izinsizakalo ze-iot ngentengo ephansi, ngomthamo omkhulu kanye nokumbozwa okubanzi.
Nakuba ubuchwepheshe be-LoRa bungasetshenziswa futhi ukugcwalisa izikhala ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye nolwandle olungenayo i-inthanethi yendabuko, kuyindlela enhle yokubhekana "ne-inthanethi yakho konke."
Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wemakethe yasekhaya, intuthuko yeLoRa kulesi sici isesencane. Uma iqhathaniswa neyaphesheya kwezilwandle, ibhekene nobunzima obukhulu: ohlangothini lwesidingo, ukumbozwa kwenethiwekhi ye-inmarsat sekuvele kukuhle kakhulu futhi idatha ingadluliselwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, ngakho ayinamandla; Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa, iShayina isalinganiselwe, ikakhulukazi igxile kumaphrojekthi ezitsha. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingenhla, kunzima ngamabhizinisi e-satellite asekhaya ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-LR-FHSS. Ngokuphathelene nemali, amaphrojekthi alolu hlobo ancike kakhulu ekufakweni kwemali ngenxa yokungaqiniseki okukhulu, amaphrojekthi amakhulu noma amancane kanye nemijikelezo emide.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-18-2022