Ngokuphakelwa kwamanethiwekhi we-4G ne-5G, umsebenzi we-2G kanye ne-3G okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni enze intuthuko eqinile. Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngesibukezo sezinqubo ezi-2G ne-3G ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengoba amanethiwekhi we-5G aqhubeka nokuthunyelwa emhlabeni jikelele, 2g ne-3G ziyeza. I-2G ne-3G ukwehla kuzoba nomthelela ekuthuni kwe-IOT usebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe. Lapha, sizoxoxa ngezinkinga ezisetshenziswa amabhizinisi ngesikhathi senqubo engaxhunyiwe ku-2G / 3G kanye ne-countermeasure.
Umthelela we-2G ne-3G okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ekuxhumaneni kwama-IOT kanye nokuphikisana
Njengoba u-4G no-5G bathunyelwa emhlabeni jikelele, umsebenzi we-2G kanye no-3G okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni uthuthuka ngokuqinile. Inqubo yokuvala amanethiwekhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngezwe, kungaba ngokubona kwabalawuli bendawo ukukhulula izinsizakusebenza ze-spectrum ezibalulekile, noma ngokubona kwabathengi benethiwekhi yeselula ukuvala amanethiwekhi lapho izinsizakalo ezikhona zingabungisi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.
Amanethiwekhi we-2G, atholakala ngokuthengisa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, ahlinzeke ngeplatifomu enhle yokuthumela izixazululo ze-IOT ezisezingeni likazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe. Umjikelezo wempilo ende yezixazululo eziningi ze-IOT, imvamisa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, kusho kusenenombolo enkulu yamadivayisi angasebenzisa amanethiwekhi we-2G kuphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindlela zidinga ukuthathwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izixazululo ze-IOT ziyaqhubeka zisebenza lapho i-2G ne-3G ingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
I-2G ne-3G ukwehla kwehla kusungulwe noma kuqediwe kwamanye amazwe, njenge-US nase-Australia. Izinsuku ziyahlukahluka kwenye indawo, iningi lamaYurophu libekwe ukuphela kuka-2025. Ekuhambeni okude, amanethiwekhi we-2G kanye ne-3G azogcina ephuma emakethe ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke le yinkinga engenakugwenywa.
Inqubo ye-2G / 3G ehlehlisiwe iyehlukahluka kuye ngezindawo, ngokuya ngezimpawu zemakethe ngayinye. Amazwe amaningi nezifunda amemezele amacebo nge-2G ne-3G okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Inani lamanethiwekhi avale phansi azoqhubeka nokwanda. Amanethiwekhi angaphezu kwama-55 2G ne-3G abikezela ukuthi avalelwe phakathi kuka-2021 no-2025, ngokusho kwedatha ye-GSMA intelligence, kepha ubuchwepheshe bobabili ngeke bukhishwe ngasikhathi sinye. Kwezinye izimakethe, i-2G kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokusebenza iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, njengezinsizakalo ezithile ezifana nezinkokhelo zeselula e-Afrika nasezindaweni eziphuthumayo eziphuthumayo eziphuthumayo (i-Ecoll) kwezinye izimakethe ezincike kumanethiwekhi we-2G. Kulezi zimo, amanethiwekhi we-2G angaqhubeka nokusebenza isikhathi eside.
I-3G izoyeka nini imakethe?
Isigaba-ukuphuma kumanethiwekhi we-3G kuhleliwe iminyaka futhi selusuliwe emazweni amaningana. Lezi zimakethe zitholile kakhulu ukumbozwa kwe-4G yendawo yonke futhi zingaphambi kwepakethe ekuthukeni kwe-5G, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuvala amanethiwekhi we-3G futhi uphinde uthole i-rechnologies yesizukulwane esilandelayo.
Kuze kube manje, amanethiwekhi aphezulu we-3G avaliwe eYurophu kune-2G, eno-opharetha oyedwa eDenmark ukuvala inethiwekhi yawo ye-3G ngonyaka ka-142, kanti abahlinzeki abangamazwe abangu-19 bahlela ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo ama-2g ngasikhathi sinye. Inani lokuvalwa kwenethiwekhi likhula njengoba abathwali beveza amasu abo. Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-Europe's 3G ngemuva kokuhlela ngokucophelela, iningi labasebenzisi limemezele izinsuku zalo zokuvalwa kwe-3G. Umkhuba omusha ovela eYurophu ukuthi abanye opharetha banweba isikhathi esihleliwe se-2G. E-UK, ngokwesibonelo, imininingwane yakamuva iphakamisa ukuthi usuku lokuhlelwa okuhleliwe lubuyiselwe emuva ngoba uhulumeni ushaye isivumelwano nabasebenza ngeselula ukugcina iminyaka embalwa ezayo.
Amanethiwekhi we-3G angama-ameralika avaliwe
Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G e-United States kuthuthuka kahle nokuthunyelwa kwamanethiwekhi we-4G naku-5G, nabo bonke abathwali abakhulu okuhlose ukuqeda ukukhishwa kwe-322. Ama-opharetha asebenzisa i-spectrum ekhululwe ngokukhishwa kwe-2G ukubhekana nesidingo samanethiwekhi we-4G ne-5G
Amanethiwekhi we-2G ase-Asia avale izinqubo
Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo e-Asia bagcina amanethiwekhi we-3G ngenkathi bevalela amanethiwekhi we-2G ukuhlela kabusha amanethiwekhi ama-4G, asetshenziswa kakhulu esifundeni. Ekupheleni kuka-2025, ubuhlakani be-GSMA bulindele ukuthi opharetha abangama-29 ukuthi bavale amanethiwekhi abo ama-2G kanye ne-16 ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo we-3G. Isifunda kuphela e-Asia esivale amanethiwekhi waso we-2G (2017 kanye ne-3G (2018) iTaiwan.
E-Asia, kukhona okuhlukile: ama-opharetha aqala phansi ama-3G aphansi ngaphambi kwe-2G. EMalaysia, ngokwesibonelo, bonke abasebenzisi bavale amanethiwekhi abo e-3G ngaphansi kokubhekwa kukahulumeni.
E-Indonesia, abadlali ababili bama-opharetha abathathu bavale amanethiwekhi abo ama-3G nezinhlelo zesithathu zokwenza kanjalo (njengamanje, akekho noyedwa kwabathathu onamacebo okuvala amanethiwekhi abo ama-2G).
· I-Africa iyaqhubeka nokuthembela kumanethiwekhi we-2G
E-Afrika, i-2G ilingana kabili ngosayizi we-3G. Izingcingo zesici zisalandiswa ngo-42% wenani eliphelele, futhi izindleko zazo eziphansi zikhuthaza abasebenzisi bokugcina ukuze baqhubeke nokusebenzisa la madivayisi. Lokhu, kuholele ekungeneni kwe-smartphone ephansi, kumenyezelwe amasu ambalwa ukuze abuyise emuva kwi-Intanethi esifundeni.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-14-2022