Ngokusatshalaliswa kwamanethiwekhi e-4G ne-5G, i-2G ne-3G umsebenzi ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni wenza inqubekelaphambili kancane. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono wezinqubo ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ze-2G ne-3G emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengoba amanethiwekhi e-5G eqhubeka nokusatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke, i-2G ne-3G izophela. Ukwehliswa kwe-2G ne-3G kuzoba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-iot kusetshenziswa lobu buchwepheshe. Lapha, sizoxoxa ngezinkinga amabhizinisi adinga ukuzinaka ngesikhathi senqubo yokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ye-2G/3G kanye nezinyathelo zokuphikisa.
Umthelela we-2G ne-3G ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ekuxhumekeni kwe-iot nezinyathelo zokuphikisa
Njengoba i-4G ne-5G zisatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke, umsebenzi ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi we-2G ne-3G emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni wenza inqubekelaphambili kancane. Inqubo yokuvala amanethiwekhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngamazwe, noma ngokubona kwabalawuli basekhaya ukukhulula izinsiza ezibalulekile ze-spectrum, noma ngokubona kwabaqhubi benethiwekhi yamaselula ukuvala amanethiwekhi lapho izinsiza ezikhona zingakuthetheleli ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.
Amanethiwekhi e-2G, abelokhu etholakala ngokwezentengiselwano iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, ahlinzeka ngenkundla enhle kakhulu yokuthumela izixazululo zekhwalithi ze-iot esikalini sikazwelonke nesamazwe ngamazwe. Umjikelezo wempilo ende wezixazululo eziningi ze-iot, ngokuvamile ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10, kusho ukuthi kusenenani elikhulu lamadivayisi angasebenzisa kuphela amanethiwekhi e-2G. Ngenxa yalokho, kudingeka kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izixazululo ze-iot ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza lapho i-2G ne-3G ingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Ukwehliswa kwe-2G ne-3G sekuqaliwe noma kuqediwe kwamanye amazwe, njenge-US ne-Australia. Izinsuku zihluka kakhulu kwezinye izindawo, iningi laseYurophu lihlelelwe ukuphela kuka-2025. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amanethiwekhi we-2G ne-3G azogcina ephuma emakethe ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke lokhu kuyinkinga engenakugwenywa.
Inqubo yokukhipha i-2G/3G ihluka ngokwezindawo, kuye ngezici zemakethe ngayinye. Amazwe amaningi nezifunda amemezele izinhlelo ze-2G ne-3G ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Inani lamanethiwekhi avaliwe lizoqhubeka nokukhula. Amanethiwekhi angaphezu kuka-55 2G kanye ne-3G kubikezelwa ukuthi azovalwa phakathi kuka-2021 no-2025, ngokusho kwedatha ye-GSMA Intelligence, kodwa lobu buchwepheshe bubili angeke bungaqedwa ngasikhathi sinye. Kwezinye izimakethe, i-2G kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokusebenza iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, njengoba izinsiza ezithile ezifana nezinkokhelo zeselula e-Afrika kanye nezinhlelo zokushaya ucingo oluphuthumayo lwezimoto (eCall) kwezinye izimakethe zithembele kumanethiwekhi e-2G. Kulezi zimo, amanethiwekhi e-2G angase aqhubeke esebenza isikhathi eside.
I-3G izoyiyeka nini imakethe?
Ukukhishwa kwamanethiwekhi e-3G kuhlelwe iminyaka futhi kucishiwe emazweni amaningana. Lezi zimakethe zizuze kakhulu ukufakwa kwe-4G yendawo yonke futhi zingaphambi kwephakethe ekusetshenzisweni kwe-5G, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuvala amanethiwekhi e-3G futhi kwabelwa kabusha i-spectrum kubuchwepheshe besizukulwane esilandelayo.
Kuze kube manje, amanethiwekhi amaningi e-3G avaliwe eYurophu kune-2G, no-opharetha oyedwa eDenmark avale inethiwekhi yakhe ye-3G ku-2015. Ngokusho kwe-GSMA Intelligence, inani labasebenzisi be-19 emazweni angu-14 aseYurophu bahlela ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-3G ngo. 2025, kuyilapho opharetha abayisishiyagalombili kuphela emazweni ayisishiyagalombili behlela ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-2G ngasikhathi sinye. Inani lokuvalwa kwenethiwekhi liyakhula njengoba abathwali bembula izinhlelo zabo. Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G yaseYurophu Ngemva kokuhlela ngokucophelela, opharetha abaningi bamemezele izinsuku zabo zokuvala i-3G. Ukuthambekela okusha okuvelayo eYurophu ukuthi abanye opharetha banweba isikhathi sokusebenza esihleliwe se-2G. E-UK, isibonelo, imininingwane yakamuva iphakamisa ukuthi usuku lokukhishwa okuhleliwe luka-2025 luhlehliselwe emuva ngoba uhulumeni wenze isivumelwano nabasebenza ngamaselula ukugcina amanethiwekhi e-2G esebenza iminyaka embalwa ezayo.
Amanethiwekhi e-3G aseMelika avalwa
Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G e-United States kuqhubeka kahle ngokusetshenziswa kwamanethiwekhi e-4G kanye ne-5G, nazo zonke izinkampani zenethiwekhi ezinkulu ezihlose ukuqedela ukukhishwa kwe-3G ekupheleni kuka-2022. Eminyakeni edlule, isifunda saseMelika siye sagxila ekwehliseni i-2G njengabathwali. ikhiphe i-5G. Abasebenzisi basebenzisa i-spectrum ekhululwe ukukhishwa kwe-2G ukuze babhekane nesidingo samanethiwekhi e-4G ne-5G
Amanethiwekhi e-2G ase-Asia avala izinqubo
Abahlinzeki besevisi e-Asia bagcina amanethiwekhi e-3G ngenkathi bevala amanethiwekhi e-2G ukuze baphinde banikeze i-spectrum kumanethiwekhi e-4G, asetshenziswa kakhulu esifundeni. Ekupheleni kuka-2025, i-GSMA Intelligence ilindele ukuthi opharetha abangu-29 bavale amanethiwekhi abo e-2G kanye nabangu-16 ukuze bavale amanethiwekhi abo e-3G. Ukuphela kwesifunda e-Asia esivale amanethiwekhi ayo e-2G (2017) kanye ne-3G (2018) yi-Taiwan.
E-Asia, kukhona okuhlukile: opharetha baqale ukwehlisa i-3G ngaphambi kwe-2G. E-Malaysia, isibonelo, bonke opharetha bavale amanethiwekhi abo e-3G ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukahulumeni.
E-Indonesia, ababili kwabathathu opharetha bavale amanethiwekhi abo e-3G futhi izinhlelo zesithathu zokwenza kanjalo (okwamanje, akekho noyedwa kwabathathu onezinhlelo zokuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-2G).
· I-Afrika iyaqhubeka nokuthembela kumanethiwekhi e-2G
E-Afrika, i-2G iphinda kabili ubukhulu be-3G. Amafoni afakiwe asabala u-42% wengqikithi, futhi izindleko zawo eziphansi zikhuthaza abasebenzisi bokugcina ukuthi baqhubeke nokusebenzisa lawa madivayisi. Lokhu, kube nomphumela wokungena okuphansi kwama-smartphone, ngakho-ke zimbalwa izinhlelo ezimenyezelwe ukubuyisela emuva i-inthanethi esifundeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2022