Kuyini i-Passive Sensor?

Umbhali: uLi Ai
Umthombo: I-Ulink Media

Kuyini i-Passive Sensor?

Inzwa engasebenzi ibizwa nangokuthi inzwa yokuguqulwa kwamandla. Njenge-Intanethi Yezinto, ayidingi ukunikezwa kwamandla kwangaphandle, okungukuthi, iyinzwa engadingi ukusebenzisa ukunikezwa kwamandla kwangaphandle, kodwa futhi engathola amandla ngenzwa yangaphandle.

Sonke siyazi ukuthi izinzwa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinzwa zokuthinta, izinzwa zesithombe, izinzwa zokushisa, izinzwa zokunyakaza, izinzwa zesikhundla, izinzwa zegesi, izinzwa zokukhanya kanye nezinzwa zokucindezela ngokwezibalo ezahlukene zomzimba zokubona nokuthola. Kuzinzwa ezingasebenzi, amandla okukhanya, imisebe kagesi, izinga lokushisa, amandla okunyakaza komuntu kanye nomthombo wokudlidliza otholwe yizinzwa kuyimithombo yamandla engaba khona.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izinzwa ezingasebenzi zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo: inzwa engasebenzi ye-optical fiber, inzwa engasebenzi ye-surface acoustic wave kanye nenzwa engasebenzi ngokusekelwe ezintweni zamandla.

• Inzwa yefayibha yokukhanya

Inzwa yefayibha yokubona uhlobo lwenzwa olusekelwe ezicini ezithile zefayibha yokubona eyasungulwa maphakathi nawo-1970. Iyidivayisi eguqula isimo esilinganisiwe sibe isignali yokukhanya elinganisekayo. Iqukethe umthombo wokukhanya, inzwa, isitholi sokukhanya, isekethe yokulungisa isignali kanye nefayibha yokubona.

Inezici zokuzwela okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuphazamiseka okunamandla kagesi, ukuvikela okuhle kukagesi, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo okuqinile, ukulinganisa okukude, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, futhi ikhula ngokuvuthwa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-inthanethi yezinto. Isibonelo, i-hydrophone ye-optical fiber uhlobo lwenzwa yomsindo ethatha i-optical fiber njengento ezwelayo, kanye nenzwa yokushisa ye-optical fiber.

• Inzwa Yamagagasi E-Acoustic Engaphezulu

Inzwa ye-Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) iyinzwa esebenzisa idivayisi ye-surface acoustic wave njengento yokuzwa. Ulwazi olulinganisiwe lubonakala ngokushintsha kwejubane noma imvamisa ye-surface acoustic wave kudivayisi ye-SURFACE acoustic wave, futhi iguqulwa ibe yinzwa yokukhipha isignali kagesi. Iyinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi enezinhlobonhlobo zezinzwa. Ihlanganisa kakhulu inzwa yokucindezela kwe-surface acoustic wave, inzwa yokushisa kwe-surface acoustic wave, inzwa ye-biological gene ye-surface acoustic wave, inzwa yegesi yamakhemikhali ye-surface acoustic wave kanye nenzwa ehlakaniphile, njll.

Ngaphandle kwenzwa ye-fiber optical engasebenzi enozwela oluphezulu, ingalinganisa ibanga, izici zokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, izinzwa zamagagasi e-acoustic ebusweni ezingasebenzi zisebenzisa ukushintsha kwemvamisa ye-Hui ukuqagela ushintsho lwejubane, ngakho-ke ushintsho lokuhlola ekulinganisweni kwangaphandle lungaba lunembile kakhulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo izici zevolumu encane, isisindo esincane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kungenza ukuthi ithole izakhiwo ezinhle zokushisa nezomshini, futhi kwaholela enkathini entsha yezinzwa ezingenantambo, ezincane. Isetshenziswa kabanzi esiteshini esincane, esitimeleni, ezindiza nakwezinye izinkambu.

• Inzwa Engasebenzi Esekelwe Ezintweni Zamandla

Izinzwa ezingasebenzi ezisekelwe ezintweni zamandla, njengoba igama lisho, zisebenzisa amandla avamile empilweni ukuguqula amandla kagesi, njengamandla okukhanya, amandla okushisa, amandla omshini njalo njalo. Inzwa engasebenzi esekelwe ezintweni zamandla inezinzuzo zebhendi ebanzi, ikhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka okuncane entweni elinganisiwe, ukuzwela okuphezulu, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yokulinganisa i-electromagnetic njenge-voltage ephezulu, umbani, amandla ensimu yemisebe enamandla, i-microwave enamandla aphezulu njalo njalo.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezinzwa Ezingasebenzi Nezinye Ubuchwepheshe

Emkhakheni we-Inthanethi Yezinto, izinzwa ezingasebenzi ziyasetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinzwa ezingasebenzi ziye zanyatheliswa. Isibonelo, izinzwa ezihlanganiswe ne-NFC, i-RFID ngisho ne-wifi, i-Bluetooth, i-UWB, i-5G kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo ziye zazalwa. Kwimodi engasebenzi, inzwa ithola amandla avela kumasignali omsakazo emvelweni nge-antenna, futhi idatha yenzwa igcinwa kwimemori engashintshi, egcinwa lapho amandla enganikezwa.

Futhi izinzwa zokucindezela indwangu ezingenantambo ezisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-RFID, Ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-RFID nezinto zendwangu ukwakha imishini enomsebenzi wokuzwa ukucindezeleka. Inzwa yokucindezela indwangu ye-RFID isebenzisa imodi yokuxhumana kanye nokungenisa ubuchwepheshe bethegi ye-UHF RFID engasebenzi, ithembele emandleni kagesi ukuze isebenze, inamandla amancane okuguquguquka nokuguquguquka, futhi iba ukukhetha okungaba khona kwamadivayisi agqokwayo.

Ekugcineni

I-Internet of Things engasebenzi iyisiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo se-Internet of Things. Njengesixhumanisi se-Internet of Things engasebenzi, izidingo zezinzwa azisagcini ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla amancane naphansi. I-Internet of Things engasebenzi nayo izoba yisiqondiso sentuthuko esidinga ukukhuliswa okuqhubekayo. Ngokuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokusungula ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ezingasebenzi, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bezinzwa ezingasebenzi kuzoba kukhulu kakhulu.