Yini i-5G LAN?

Umbhali: I-Ulink Media

Wonke umuntu kufanele ajwayele i-5G, okungukuvela kwemvelo ye-4G kanye nobuchwepheshe bethu bamuva bokuxhumana mobile.

Nge-LAN, kufanele ujwayele kakhulu ngakho. Igama layo eligcwele yinethiwekhi yendawo, noma i-LAN. Inethiwekhi yethu yasekhaya, kanye nenethiwekhi ehhovisi lebhizinisi, ngokuyisisekelo lan. Nge-Wi-Fi engenantambo, yi-Wireless Lan (WLAN).

Manje kungani ngithi i-5G LAN iyathakazelisa?

I-5G iyinethiwekhi ebanzi yamaselula, ngenkathi i-LAN iyinethiwekhi encane yendawo yendawo. Ubuchwepheshe bobabili bubonakala buhlobene.

Ngamanye amagama, i-5G ne-LAN ngamagama amabili wonke umuntu ayazi ngokwahlukana. Kepha ndawonye, ​​kudida kancane. Akunjalo?

5g LAN, yini ngempela?

Eqinisweni, i-5G LAN, ukubeka kalula, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-5g ku- "gerow" kanye "nokwakha" ama-terminals ukwakha inethiwekhi ye-LAN.

Wonke umuntu unefoni engu-5G. Uma usebenzisa izingcingo ze-5G, uke wabona ukuthi ifoni yakho ayikwazi ukusesha abangane bakho noma ngabe besondele kakhulu (baze babhekane ubuso nobuso)? Ungaxhumana nomunye ngoba idatha igeleza yonke indlela kuye kuseva yenethiwekhi yakho noma umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-Intanethi.

Kweziteshi zasekususi, wonke ama-terminals weselula ayahlukaniswa "ahlukaniswe komunye nomunye. Lokhu kususelwa ekucabangeni kwezokuphepha, izingcingo zisebenzisa iziteshi zazo, ungaphazamisi omunye nomunye.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-lan, ixhumanisa ama-terminals (izingcingo, amakhompyutha, njll.) Endaweni ndawonye ukuze kwakhiwe "iqembu". Lokhu akugcini nje kuphela kusiza ukudluliswa kwedatha phakathi komunye nomunye, kepha futhi kusindisa ukuphuma kwe-extranet.

E-LAN, ama-terminals angatholana ngokusekelwe kumakheli awo we-Mac futhi atholene (ungqimba 2 lokuxhumana). Ukufinyelela inethiwekhi yangaphandle, setha i-router, ngokusebenzisa indawo ye-IP, futhi ungafinyelela umzila ngaphakathi nangaphandle (ungqimba 3 lokuxhumana).

Njengoba sonke sazi, "kuzoshintsha izimpilo zethu, futhi i-5G izoshintsha umphakathi wethu". Njengobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana okujwayelekile kakhulu kweselula njengamanje, amahlombe angu-5g umgomo we- "I-Intanethi yayo yonke into kanye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali kwamakhulu emigqeni nezinkulungwane zezimboni", okudingeka zisize abasebenzisi ezimbonini mpo baxhumene.

Ngakho-ke, i-5G ayikwazi ukuxhuma kuphela yonke indawo efwini, kepha futhi iyabona "ukuxhumana okuseduze" phakathi kwama-terminals.

Ngakho-ke, ku-3GPP R16 ejwayelekile, i-5G LAN yethule lesi sici esisha.

Izimiso nezimpawu ze-5G LAN

Kunethiwekhi ye-5G, abaphathi bangaguqula imininingwane database yomsebenzisi (izinto zenethiwekhi ye-UDM), basayine inkontileka yesevisi enenombolo ye-UE ebekiwe, bese uwahlukanisa ube amaqembu enethiwekhi afanayo noma ahlukile (VN).

Imininingwane yomsebenzisi ihlinzeka ngolwazi lwenombolo ye-purminal VN kanye nezinqubomgomo zokufinyelela ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi (i-SMF, AMF, PCF, njll.) Inethiwekhi eyi-5G Core (5GC). I-Management NE ihlanganisa lolu lwazi nemithetho yenqubomgomo ibe ngama-lans ahlukile. Lokhu kungu-5g LAN.

I-5G LAN isekela ukuxhumana okungu-Layer 2 I-5G LAN isekela i-Unicast kanye ne-multicast kanye nokusakazwa. Ngamafuphi, imodi yokufinyelela evumelana nezimo kakhulu, futhi inethiwekhi ilula kakhulu.

Ngokwesilinganiso, i-5G LAN isekela ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-UPF efanayo (Media Side Network Element ye-5G Core Network) kanye ne-UPF ehlukile. Lokhu kufana nokuphula umkhawulo webanga elibonakalayo phakathi kwama-terminals (ngisho neBeijing neShanghai bangakwazi ukuxhumana).

Ikakhulu, amanethiwekhi we-5G Lan angaxhuma kumanethiwekhi wedatha akhona e-plug futhi adlale futhi afinyelele ku-Mutual.

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza nezinzuzo ze-5G LAN

I-5G LAN inika amandla amaqembu nokuxhumana phakathi kwama-terminals acacisiwe ama-5g, kusiza kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-LAN ethe xaxa yamabhizinisi. Abafundi abaningi baqinisekile ukuthi babuze, akushintshi yini ebuchwepheshe obukhona be-Wi-Fi? Kungani kunesidingo se-5g lan?

Ungakhathazeki, ake siqhubeke.

Ukuxhumana kwendawo okunikwe amandla nge-5G LAN kungasiza amabhizinisi, izikole, ohulumeni, kanye nemindeni ukuxhumana kangcono nama-terminals esifundeni. Ingasetshenziswa kwinethiwekhi yehhovisi, kepha inani layo elikhudlwana lilele ekuguqukeni kwemvelo yokukhiqiza yepaki kanye noguquko lwenethiwekhi eyisisekelo yamabhizinisi okukhiqiza, ama-terminals wezezimboni kanye nezimayini zamandla.

Manje sesikhuthaza i-Intanethi yezimboni. Sikholwa ukuthi i-5G ingavumela ukwenziwa kwedijithali kwezigcawu zezimboni ngoba i-5G ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana okungenantambo obuhle nge-bandwidth enkulu kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi, okungabona ukuxhumana okungenantambo kwezici ezahlukahlukene zezimboni.

Thatha ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ngokwesibonelo. Phambilini, ukuze ku-automation kangcono, ukufeza ukulawulwa kwemishini, ukusetshenziswa kwe- "Industrial Bus" Technology. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zalobu buchwepheshe, ezingachazwa ngokuthi "yonke indawo".

Kamuva, nokuvela kobuchwepheshe be-Ethernet kanye ne-IP, imboni yakha ukuvumelana, kanye nokuvela kwe-Ethernet, "kukhona i-Ethernet yezezimboni". Namuhla, akunandaba ukuthi ngubani ophethe umthetho wokuxhumana wezimboni, ngokuyisisekelo yi-Ethernet-based.

Kamuva, izinkampani zezimboni zithola ukuthi ukuxhumana okunentambo kuhlanganiswe nokuhamba okulinganiselwe kakhulu - kwakukhona njalo "i-braid" ngemuva kwensiza evimbele ukunyakaza kwamahhala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imodi yokuhambisa ukuxhumeka entanjeni inenkinga enkulu, isikhathi sokwakha yinde, izindleko ziphezulu. Uma kunenkinga ngemishini noma ngentambo, okunye okunye esikhundleni kuyahamba kancane. Ngakho-ke, imboni yaqala ukucabanga ngokwazisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana okungenantambo.

Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth nobunye ubuchwepheshe bangene emkhakheni wezimboni.

Ngakho-ke, ukubuyela embuzweni owedlule, kungani u-5G LAN lapho kukhona i-Wi-Fi?

Nasi isizathu:

1. Ukusebenza kwamanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi (ikakhulukazi i-Wi-Fi 4 ne-Wi-Fi 5) akukuhle njenge-5G.

Mayelana nezinga lokudlulisela nokubambezeleka, i-5G ingahlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zamarobhothi ezimboni (Ukulawulwa kwe-Manipulator), ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu (ukuqashelwa kwesithombe esiphakeme)

Ngokuya kwe-Coverage, i-5G inendawo enkulu yokumboza kune-Wi-Fi futhi ingamboza kangcono ikhampasi. Amandla we-5G wokushintsha phakathi kwamaseli nawo anamandla kune-Wi-Fi, ezoletha abasebenzisi isipiliyoni senethiwekhi esingcono.

2. Izindleko zokulungiswa kwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ziphezulu.

Ukwakha inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi epaki, amabhizinisi adinga ukuklebhula futhi athenge okwakho imishini. Imishini yehliswa, ilimele futhi ithathelwe indawo, kepha futhi igcinwe izisebenzi ezikhethekile. Kunamathani amadivayisi we-Wi-Fi, futhi ukucushwa kungukuhlupheka.

I-5G yehlukile. Yakhiwa futhi yagcinwa ngabasebenza kanye futhi iqashwe ngamabhizinisi (i-Wi-Fi versus 5g kufana nokwakha igumbi lakho lokuqhathanisa ne-computing yefu).

Kuhlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​i-5G izobiza kakhulu.

3. I-5G LAN inemisebenzi enamandla kakhudlwana.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-VN kwe-5G LAN kukhulunywe ngaye ngaphambili. Ngaphezu kokuhlukaniswa kokuxhumana, umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokuqoqa amaqembu ukufeza i-QOS (insiza yesevisi) yokwehlukanisa amanethiwekhi ahlukene.

Isibonelo, ibhizinisi linenethiwekhi yehhovisi, inethiwekhi yohlelo lwe-IT, nenethiwekhi ye-OT.

I-OT imele ubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo. Kuyinethiwekhi exhumanisa imvelo yezimboni kanye nemishini, njengezitha, izingalo ze-robotic, izinzwa, ithuluzi, ama-agvs, amasistimu wokuqapha, ama-PLC, ama-PLC, njll.

Amanethiwekhi ahlukile anezidingo ezihlukile zokusebenza. Abanye badinga i-latency ephansi, abanye badinga i-bandwidth ephezulu, kanti abanye banezidingo ezingaphansi.

I-5g lan ingachaza ukusebenza okuhlukile kwenethiwekhi ngokususelwa emaqenjini ahlukile e-VN. Amanye amabhizinisi, abizwa ngokuthi "Isilayi esisha".

4. I-5G LAN kulula ukuphatha futhi iphephe kakhudlwana.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, idatha yokusayina umsebenzisi ingashintshwa ku-5G UDM NES yabathwali beqembu labasebenzisi beqembu ngamaqembu e-VN. Ngakho-ke, ingabe kufanele siye kwinkonzo yamakhasimende ethwala njalo lapho kudingeka siguqule imininingwane yeqembu le-terminal (Joyina, Susa, ushintshe)?

Vele akunjalo.

Kumanethiwekhi we-5G, opharetha bangavula imvume yokuguqulwa kubaphathi benethiwekhi yebhizinisi ngokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zokuxhumana, evumela ukuguqulwa kokuzilungiselela.

Vele, amabhizinisi angabeka nezinqubomgomo zazo zenethiwekhi ezizimele ngokuya ngezidingo zazo.

Lapho usungula ukuxhumana kwedatha, amabhizinisi angasetha ukugunyazwa kanye nezindlela zokufakazela ubuqiniso ukuze alawule amaqembu e-VN. Lokhu kuvikeleka kunamandla futhi kube lula ukwedlula i-Wi-Fi.

Ukufundwa kwamacala we-5g lan

Ake sibheke izinzuzo ze-5G LAN ngokusebenzisa isibonelo esithile senethiwekhi.

Okokuqala, ibhizinisi lokukhiqiza, linomhlangano walo wokusebenzela, umugqa wokukhiqiza (noma i-lathe), kudingeka Xhuma i-PLC kanye ne-PLC Ukulawula ukuphela ngenethiwekhi.

Umugqa ngamunye womhlangano unemishini eminingi, ozimele futhi. Kuhle ukufaka amamojula we-5G kuwo wonke amadivayisi kulayini womhlangano. Kodwa-ke, kubukeka sengathi kuzobiza kancane kulesi sigaba.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwesango le-5G zezimboni, noma i-5G CPE, kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezindleko. Ilungele i-Wired, exhunywe echwebeni elinentambo (etherthet port, noma i-PLC Port). Ilungele i-wireless, exhunywe ku-5G noma i-Wi-Fi.

Uma i-5G ingaxhasi i-5G LAN (ngaphambi kuka-R16), kungenzeka futhi ukubona ukuxhumana phakathi kwePPC ne-PLC Isilawuli. Kodwa-ke, yonke inethiwekhi ye-5G iyi-protocol engu-3 ethembele kukheli le-IP, futhi ikheli le-terminal libuye libe ikheli le-IP, elingasekeli ukuhanjiswa kwedatha engu-1. Ukuze ufeze ukuxhumana okuphelele kokuphela, i-AR (i-access router) kumele yengezwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ukusungula umhubhe, uhlose i-Industrial ungqimba 2 protocol emhubheni, bese uyiletha ekupheleni kontanga.

Le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokwandisa ubunzima, kepha futhi yandisa izindleko (izindleko zokuthenga ze-AR Router, ukumiswa kwe-router manpower kanye nezindleko zesikhathi). Uma ucabanga nge-workshop enezinkulungwane zemigqa, izindleko zizomangaza.

Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwe-5G LAN, inethiwekhi ye-5G isekela ukuhanjiswa okuqondile kwe-Layer 2 protocol ye-Layer 2, ngakho-ke ama-routers asadingeki. Ngasikhathi sinye, inethiwekhi ye-5G inganikeza izindlela zokugcina amakheli ngaphandle kwamakheli we-IP, futhi i-UPF ingabona amakheli e-Mac ama-terminals. Yonke inethiwekhi iba yinethiwekhi ye-minimalist eyodwa

Amandla we-plue futhi adlale ama-5g lan angazihlanganisa kahle namanethiwekhi akhona amakhasimende, anciphise umthelela kumanethiwekhi akhona amakhasimende, futhi ukonga izindleko eziningi ngaphandle kokuvuselelwa okunzima nokuthuthuka.

Ngokombono we-macro, i-5g lan ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-5G ne-Ethernet technology. Ngokuzayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-TSN (isikhathi esibucayi senethiwekhi) ubuchwepheshe obususelwa kubuchwepheshe be-Ethernet ngeke kuhlukaniswe ngosizo lwe-5G LAN.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi i-5G LAN, ngaphezu kokuthola usizo lwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi yepaki, nayo ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo kwinethiwekhi yendabuko yokuzinikezela yendabuko yokuxhuma amagatsha ezindaweni ezihlukile.

Imodyuli ye-5G LAN

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i-5G LAN iyinhlangano ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe be-5G ezimbonini mpo. Ingakha ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yangasese ye-5G ukusiza amakhasimende asheshise ukuguqulwa kwawo kwedijithali nokuthuthuka.

Ukuze uthuthukise kangcono i-5G LAN, ngaphezu kokuvuselelwa kwenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi, ukusekelwa kwe-5G module kuyadingeka futhi.

Esezinhlelweni ze-5G LAN technology technology Ukufika kokufika kwezentengiselwano, i-UNIGGOUP ZHANGRUI yethule ipulatifomu yokuqala ye-5G R16 Ready Baseband yasezimboni - v516.

Kususelwa kulesikhulumi, i-quecle, umkhiqizi wemodyuli oholayo eChina, uthuthukise ngempumelelo amamojula we-5G axhasa ubuchwepheshe be-5G LAN, futhi abekwentengiso, i-RM500U kanye nezinye i-LGA, amamojula we-Mini PCIE Paged.