Okwangempela: Ulink Media
Umbhali: 旸谷
Muva nje, inkampani ye-Dutch semiconductor i-NXP, ngokubambisana nenkampani yaseJalimane i-Lateration XYZ, ithole ikhono lokufinyelela ukunemba kweleveli ye-millimeter kwezinye izinto ze-UWB namadivayisi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-ultra-wideband.Lesi sixazululo esisha siletha amathuba amasha ezimo ezihlukahlukene zezicelo ezidinga ukubekwa okunembayo nokulandelela, okuphawula intuthuko ebalulekile emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-UWB.
Eqinisweni, ukunemba kwamanje kweleveli yesentimitha le-UWB, emkhakheni wokubekwa kwezindawo kwenziwe ngokushesha, futhi izindleko eziphakeme zehadiwe nazo zinikeza abasebenzisi nabahlinzeki bezixazululo ubuhlungu bekhanda bokuthi zingaxazulula kanjani izindleko nobunzima bokuthunyelwa.Ngalesi sikhathi "roll" ezingeni lemilimitha, kuyadingeka?Futhi i-UWB yezinga lemilimitha izoletha maphi amathuba emakethe?
Kungani kunzima ukufinyelela i-UWB yesikali esiyimilimitha?
Njengendlela yokunemba okuphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuphepha okuphezulu, kanye nendlela ehlukahlukene, indawo ye-UWB yasendlini ingafinyelela ukunemba kwemilimitha noma ngisho ne-micrometer, kodwa ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, ihlale ezingeni lamasentimitha isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokunemba. kuzinto ezilandelayo ezithinta ukunemba kwangempela kokuma kwe-UWB:
1. Umthelela wemodi yokuphakelwa kwezinzwa ekunembeni kokuma
Enqubweni yangempela yokuxazulula ukunemba kokuma, ukwanda kwenani lezinzwa kusho ukwanda kolwazi olungadingekile, kanye nolwazi olucebile olungafuneki lungaqhubeka nokunciphisa iphutha lokuma.Kodwa-ke, ukunemba kokumisa akukhuphuki ngezinzwa ezihamba phambili, futhi lapho inani lezinzwa linyuswa linani elithile, umnikelo wokunemba kokuma awumkhulu ngokunyuka kwezinzwa.Futhi ukwanda kwenani lezinzwa kusho ukuthi izindleko zemishini ziyanda.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwenani lezinzwa nokunemba kokuma, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukuthunyelwa okunengqondo kwezinzwa ze-UWB kuwukugxilwa kocwaningo ngomthelela wokuthunyelwa kwezinzwa ekunembeni kokuma.
2. Ithonya lomphumela we-multipath
Izimpawu zokumisa i-UWB ultra-wideband positioning ziboniswa futhi zivinjwe indawo ezungezile njengezindonga, ingilazi, nezinto zasendlini ezifana namadeskithophu phakathi nenqubo yokusabalalisa, okuholela emiphumeleni ye-multipath.Isiginali iyashintsha ekubambezelekeni, ukuphakama, kanye nesigaba, okuholela ekuncipheni kwamandla kanye nokuncipha kwesilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi isignali efinyelelwe okokuqala ayiqondile, okubangela amaphutha ahlukahlukene kanye nokuncipha kokunemba kokuma. .Ngakho-ke, ukucindezelwa okusebenzayo komphumela we-multipath kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokumisa, futhi izindlela zamanje zokucindezela i-multipath ikakhulukazi zifaka i-MUSIC, i-ESPRIT, namasu okuthola umphetho.
3. Umthelela we-NLOS
I-Line-of-sight propagation (LOS) ingeyokuqala, kanye nemfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa isignali, lapho izimo phakathi kwethagethi yokuma kweselula kanye nesiteshi sesisekelo zingakwazi ukuhlangatshezwana nazo, ukusakazeka kwesiginali kungaba kuphela. kuqedwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezona umugqa wokubona ezifana ne-refraction kanye ne-diffraction.Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi se-pulse yokuqala efikayo asimeleli inani langempela le-TOA, futhi isiqondiso se-pulse yokuqala efikayo akulona inani langempela le-AOA, elizodala iphutha elithile lokuma.Njengamanje, izindlela eziyinhloko zokuqeda iphutha elingelona umugqa wokubona indlela ye-Wylie kanye nendlela yokuqeda ukuhlanganisa.
4. Umthelela womzimba womuntu ekumiseni ngokunemba
Ingxenye eyinhloko yomzimba womuntu amanzi, amanzi kusignali ye-UWB ye-wireless pulse anomphumela oqinile wokumunca, okuholela ekunciphiseni amandla esignali, ukuchezuka kolwazi, futhi kuthinte umphumela wokugcina wokuma.
5. Umthelela wokungena kwesignali uba buthaka
Noma yikuphi ukungena kwesignali ngezindonga nezinye izinhlangano kuzokwenziwa buthaka, i-UWB iyafana.Lapho ukuma kwe-UWB kungena odongeni olujwayelekile lwesitini, isignali izoba buthakathaka cishe ngesigamu.Izinguquko esikhathini sokudluliswa kwesignali ngenxa yokungena odongeni zizophinde zithinte ukunemba kokuma.
Ngenxa yomzimba womuntu, ukungena kwesignali okulethwa ukunemba komthelela okunzima ukukugwema, I-NXP kanye nenkampani yaseJalimane iLaterationXYZ izosebenzisa izixazululo ezintsha ze-sensor layout ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-UWB, akubanga khona ukuboniswa okuqondile kwemiphumela emisha. , Ngingakhululwa kuphela kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yezindatshana zobuchwepheshe ezedlule ze-NXP ukuze ngenze ukuqagela okufanele.
Ngokuqondene nesisusa sokuthuthukisa ukunemba kwe-UWB, ngikholwa ukuthi lena okokuqala kwakho konke i-NXP njengomdlali we-UWB ohamba phambili emhlabeni ukuze abhekane nabakhiqizi bamanje basekhaya bokuqamba okusha okukhulu esimweni sokuqhuma kanye nokuzivikela kobuchwepheshe.Phela, ubuchwepheshe bamanje be-UWB busesesigabeni esikhulayo sentuthuko, futhi izindleko ezihambisanayo, isicelo, kanye nezikali azikakaqiniswa, ngalesi sikhathi, abakhiqizi basekhaya bakhathazeke kakhulu ngemikhiqizo ye-UWB ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. nokusabalala, ukubamba imakethe, abanaso isikhathi sokukhathalela ukunemba kwe-UWB ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusha.I-NXP, njengomunye wabadlali abaphambili emkhakheni we-UWB, inohlelo oluphelele lomkhiqizo kanye neminyaka eminingi yokulima okujulile kwamandla obuchwepheshe aqoqiwe, ekhululeke kakhudlwana ukwenza ukuqaliswa kwe-UWB.
Okwesibili, i-NXP kulokhu ibheke ku-UWB yezinga lemilimitha, futhi ibona amandla angapheli okuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-UWB futhi iyaqiniseka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokunemba kuzoletha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha emakethe.
Ngokubona kwami, ukuphakama kwe-UWB kuzoqhubeka nokuba ngcono ngokuthuthukiswa "kwengqalasizinda entsha" ye-5G, futhi kwandise izixhumanisi zayo zenani ohlelweni lokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zokuhlomisa i-5G smart.
Ngaphambilini, kunethiwekhi ye-2G/3G/4G, izimo zokuma kweselula bezigxile kakhulu ezingcingweni eziphuthumayo, ukufinyelela indawo esemthethweni, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, izidingo zokunemba kokuma aziphezulu, ngokusekelwe ku-Cell ID ukunemba kokuma okumahhadla kusuka emashumini amamitha kuya kumakhulu. wamamitha.Nakuba i-5G isebenzisa izindlela ezintsha zokufaka amakhodi, ukuhlanganisa i-beam, i-antenna enkulu, i-millimeter wave spectrum, nobunye ubuchwepheshe, umkhawulokudonsa wayo omkhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe be-antenna array, inikeza isisekelo sokulinganisa ibanga lokunemba okuphezulu kanye nokulinganisa i-engeli yokunemba okuphezulu.Ngakho-ke, omunye umjikelezo we-UWB sprint emkhakheni wokunemba usekelwa isizinda senkathi ehambisanayo, isisekelo sobuchwepheshe, namathemba okufaka isicelo anele, futhi le sprint yokunemba ye-UWB ingabhekwa njengesakhiwo sangaphambili sokuhlangabezana nokuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani bedijithali.
Yiziphi izimakethe ezizovula i-Millimeter UW?
Njengamanje, ukusatshalaliswa kwemakethe kwe-UWB kubonakala kakhulu ngokuhlakazeka kwe-B-end kanye nokugxila kwe-C-end.Kuhlelo lokusebenza, i-B-end inamacala amaningi okusebenzisa, futhi i-C-end inendawo yokucabanga eyengeziwe yokusebenza kwezimayini.Ngokubona kwami, lokhu okusha okugxile ekusebenzeni kokumisa kuhlanganisa izinzuzo ze-UWB endaweni enembile, engalethi nje kuphela impumelelo yokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezikhona kodwa futhi idala amathuba okuthi i-UWB ivule isikhala esisha sohlelo.
Emakethe ye-B-end, yamapaki, amafekthri, amabhizinisi, nezinye izimo, indawo engenazintambo yendawo yayo ethile iqinisekile, futhi ukunemba kokuma kungaqinisekiswa ngokungaguquki, kuyilapho izigcawu ezinjalo zigcina isidingo esizinzile sombono onembile wokuma, noma izoba i-UWB yezinga lemilimitha maduze izobe ihloselwe inzuzo yemakethe.
Esimeni sezimayini, ngokuthuthuka kokwakhiwa kwemayini okukhaliphile, isisombululo se-fusion "5G+UWB positioning" singenza uhlelo lwezimayini oluhlakaniphile luphelele endaweni ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, lufinyelele inhlanganisela ephelele yokuma okunembayo nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, futhi qaphela izici zokunemba okuphezulu, umthamo omkhulu kanye nesikhathi eside sokulinda, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusekelwe ekuphathweni kokuphepha kwemayini, ingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemayini kanye nokuphathwa kokuphepha kwemayini.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusekelwe esimisweni esinzima sokuphathwa kwezokuphepha ezimayini, i-UWB izophinde isetshenziswe ekuphathweni kwansuku zonke kwabasebenzi, kanye nethrekhi yemoto.Njengamanje, izwe linesilinganiso esithile sezimayini zamalahle ezingaba ngu-4000 noma ngaphezulu, futhi isidingo esimaphakathi sesizinda ngasinye semayini yamalahle sicishe sibe yi-100 noma ngaphezulu, okungalinganiselwa kuso ukuthi inani eliphelele lesidingo sesizinda semayini yamalahle sicishe 400,000, isibalo sabavukuzi bamalahle sebebonke abantu abangaba yizigidi ezi-4 noma ngaphezulu, ngokwelebula yomuntu ongu-1, isidingo samathegi e-UWB angaba yizigidi ezi-4 noma ngaphezulu.Ngokusho komsebenzisi wokugcina wamanje wokuthenga intengo yemakethe eyodwa, imakethe yamalahle emakethe yehardware ye-UWB "base station + tag" icishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine yenani lokuphumayo.
Izimayini nezimayini izimo ezifanayo ezinobungozi obuphezulu kanye nokukhipha uwoyela, izimboni zikagesi, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, njll., izidingo zokulawulwa kokuphepha kokunemba kokubeka izidingo ziphakeme, ukunemba kokubeka kwe-UWB ekuthuthukisweni kwezinga lemilimitha kuzosiza ukuhlanganisa izinzuzo zayo ezindaweni ezinjalo.
Ekwenziweni kwezimboni, ukugcinwa kwempahla, kanye nezimo zempahla, i-UWB isiphenduke ithuluzi lokunciphisa izindleko nokusebenza kahle.Abasebenzi abasebenzisa amadivaysi aphathwayo anobuchwepheshe be-UWB bangakwazi ukuthola nokubeka izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ngokunembe kakhudlwana;ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuphatha oluhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-UWB ekuphathweni kwempahla kungaqapha ngokunembile zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokwakha kanye nabasebenzi ezindaweni zokugcina impahla ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi kuzuzwe ukulawulwa kwempahla, ukuphathwa kwabasebenzi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi kuzuze izinto ezingasebenzi kahle nezingenaphutha. inzuzo ngemishini ye-AGV, engathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugxuma kwemilimitha ye-UWB kungavula futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha emkhakheni wezokuthutha ngololiwe.Okwamanje, isistimu yokulawula esebenzayo yesitimela incike kakhulu ekumisweni kwesathelayithi ukuze iqedwe, ngoba indawo yomhubhe engaphansi komhlaba kanye nezakhiwo zasemadolobheni eziphakeme kakhulu, imihosha, nezinye izigcawu, ukuma kwesathelayithi kujwayele ukwehluleka.Ubuchwepheshe be-UWB esitimeleni se-CBTC sesitimela ukuma nokuzulazula, ikholomu ekugwemeni ukushayisana kanye nesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuma kwesitimela ngokunemba, njll., bunganikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okuthembeke kakhudlwana kokuphepha nokulawula ezokuthutha zikaloliwe.Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwesicelo eYurophu nase-United States lusabalalise amacala okufaka izicelo.
Emakethe ye-C-terminal, ukunemba kwe-UWB kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwezinga lemilimitha kuzovula izimo ezintsha zohlelo lokusebenza ngaphandle kokhiye bedijithali bendawo yemoto.Isibonelo, ukupaka okuzenzakalelayo kwe-valet, ukukhokha okuzenzakalelayo, njalonjalo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bezobunhloli bokwenziwa, bangakwazi futhi ukuza "ukuzofunda" amaphethini okunyakaza kanye nemikhuba yomsebenzisi, futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe bokushayela okuzenzakalelayo.
Emkhakheni wama-elekthronikhi wabathengi, i-UWB ingase ibe ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bama-smartphone ngaphansi kwegagasi lokusebenzisana komshini wemoto wokhiye bemoto yedijithali.Ngaphezu kokuvula indawo ebanzi yesicelo yokubeka kanye nokusesha imikhiqizo, ukuthuthukiswa kokunemba kwe-UWB kungaphinda kuvule isikhala esisha sohlelo lokusebenza lwezimo zokusebenzisana kwemishini.Isibonelo, ububanzi obunembile be-UWB bungakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile ibanga phakathi kwamadivayisi, ukuze kulungiswe ukwakhiwa kwesigcawu se-augmented reality, kugeyimu, umsindo, nevidiyo ukuze ilethe umuzwa ongcono wezinzwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-04-2023